Tracking force is a crucial element in achieving high-quality vinyl playback on a turntable. It refers to the amount of downward pressure exerted by the stylus (needle) onto the record surface. Proper tracking force ensures accurate tracking of the grooves, minimizing distortion, and maximizing audio fidelity. In this article, we will explore the importance of tracking force, its impact on vinyl playback, and provide guidance on how to measure and adjust the tracking force on your turntable for optimal performance.
Understanding Tracking Force:
Tracking force, measured in grams, is the weight applied to the stylus as it rests on the record surface. It serves two essential purposes:
- Proper Groove Tracking: The tracking force must be set within a specific range recommended by the cartridge manufacturer. Insufficient tracking force can cause the stylus to skate or skip across the record grooves, resulting in incomplete playback and potential damage to the stylus and record. Excessive tracking force, on the other hand, can cause excessive wear on the stylus and records, potentially distorting the sound.
- Vertical Tracking Angle (VTA): Tracking force also affects the VTA, which is the angle at which the stylus sits in the record groove. The correct VTA ensures accurate playback and optimal sound reproduction. It is determined by the tonearm design and cartridge specifications.
Measuring and Adjusting Tracking Force:
- Consult Manufacturer Guidelines: Start by referring to the cartridge manufacturer’s guidelines or specifications for the recommended tracking force range. This information is typically provided in the cartridge manual or on the manufacturer’s website.
- Obtain a Tracking Force Gauge: To measure the tracking force, you will need a tracking force gauge. These gauges come in various types, including digital scales, spring-based gauges, or balance-style gauges. Choose a gauge that suits your preference and budget.
- Balance the Tonearm: Ensure the tonearm is properly balanced before adjusting the tracking force. Some turntables have a built-in tonearm balance mechanism, while others require manual balancing using a tonearm counterweight.
- Set the Tracking Force: With the tonearm balanced, adjust the counterweight to set the desired tracking force. Turn the counterweight until the stylus hovers just above the record surface. Then, set the tracking force according to the cartridge manufacturer’s recommendations by rotating the counterweight.
- Fine-Tune and Verify: Fine-tune the tracking force by adjusting the counterweight in small increments and rechecking the tracking force with the gauge until you reach the recommended value. Double-check the tracking force periodically to ensure it remains within the desired range.
Additional Tips:
- Anti-Skate Adjustment: Some turntables feature an anti-skate mechanism, which helps counterbalance the lateral forces exerted on the stylus. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions to set the appropriate anti-skate force to match the tracking force.
- Regular Maintenance: Regularly clean your stylus to remove dust and debris that can affect tracking. Use a stylus brush or cleaning solution specifically designed for stylus maintenance.
- Cartridge Upgrades: Upgrading your cartridge can significantly impact tracking force requirements. If you upgrade your cartridge, consult the new cartridge’s specifications and adjust the tracking force accordingly.
Conclusion:
Proper tracking force is essential for achieving optimal vinyl playback on a turntable. By understanding the importance of tracking force, measuring and adjusting it according to the cartridge manufacturer’s recommendations, and considering additional factors such as VTA and anti-skate, you can ensure accurate tracking, minimize distortion, and maximize the fidelity of your vinyl listening experience. Regular maintenance and periodic checks of the tracking force will help preserve the life of your stylus and records, allowing you to enjoy the rich sound and tactile experience of vinyl records to the fullest.
