The term “hot” in the context of guitar pickups doesn’t refer to temperature but rather to the pickup’s output level and its ability to drive an amplifier into overdrive or distortion. A “hot” pickup is one that produces a more powerful and overdriven sound. However, what precisely determines how “hot” a pickup is? In this article, we’ll delve into the key factors that influence a pickup’s output and explore what makes it “hot.”
- Coil Windings
One of the primary factors that determine a pickup’s output is the number of coil windings in the pickup’s coil. More windings generally result in a higher output. A pickup with a greater number of coil windings will generate a stronger electrical signal when the guitar strings vibrate. This stronger signal is sent to the amplifier, resulting in a hotter sound.
- Magnet Type
The type of magnet used in the pickup greatly affects its output and tonal characteristics. There are different magnet materials commonly used in pickups, including Alnico (Aluminum, Nickel, and Cobalt) and ceramic. Alnico magnets tend to produce a warmer and smoother sound, while ceramic magnets can make the pickup sound brighter and more aggressive. The choice of magnet material can significantly influence the “hotness” of a pickup.
- Coil Size and Shape
The physical characteristics of the coil, including its size and shape, can impact the output and tonal characteristics of a pickup. Larger coils tend to produce a higher output, while smaller coils may result in a lower output. The coil’s shape can also affect the pickup’s response and resonance, contributing to its overall “hotness.”
- Resistance (Ohms)
The coil’s resistance, measured in ohms (Ω), is often associated with a pickup’s output level. Higher resistance pickups typically produce a hotter sound. While resistance is a factor in determining the output, it doesn’t solely define the pickup’s tonal characteristics or how “hot” it sounds.
- Output Wiring
The way a pickup is wired, particularly in regard to series or parallel wiring, can affect its output and tonal characteristics. Series wiring typically results in a hotter and more overdriven sound, while parallel wiring may produce a cleaner and lower output. Some pickups are designed with coil-tapping or coil-splitting options, which can further affect the output and tonal versatility.
- Pickup Placement
The distance between the pickup and the guitar strings also plays a role in determining the output. Closer proximity results in a stronger signal and a hotter sound, while increased distance can yield a cleaner and quieter output. Pickup placement is often adjusted to find the right balance between output and tone.
- Preamp Systems
In some cases, guitars are equipped with active pickups that include preamp systems. These preamp systems are powered by a battery and can significantly boost the pickup’s output. Active pickups are known for their high output levels and are commonly used in metal and hard rock genres.
- Personal Playing Dynamics
The way you play your guitar also influences how “hot” a pickup sounds. Your playing dynamics, including your picking technique, finger strength, and playing style, can affect the intensity and saturation of the sound produced by the pickup.
Conclusion
The “hotness” of a pickup is determined by a combination of factors, including the number of coil windings, magnet type, coil size and shape, resistance, output wiring, pickup placement, and sometimes the use of preamp systems. It’s important to recognize that the concept of “hot” pickups is not solely about output level; it also involves the tonal characteristics, tonal coloration, and overall sonic impact of the pickup on your guitar’s sound. Choosing the right pickup for your playing style and genre preferences is crucial, as it can significantly influence your overall sound and performance.
