Inner groove distortion (IGD) is a common problem that occurs when playing tracks close to the end of each side of a vinyl record. It is an audible deterioration in sound quality that is caused by the progressive reduction of linear resolution as a record progresses.
What Causes Inner Groove Distortion?
There are a few factors that contribute to inner groove distortion:
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Reduction of linear resolution: As the record progresses, the grooves become closer together, which means that there is less space for the stylus to vibrate. This can cause the stylus to mistrack, which results in distortion.
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Increased tracking angle: The tracking angle is the angle at which the stylus meets the groove. As the record progresses, the tracking angle increases, which can also cause the stylus to mistrack.
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Variations in groove velocity: The speed of the groove changes as the record progresses. This can cause the stylus to vibrate at different frequencies, which can also result in distortion.
How to Reduce Inner Groove Distortion
While it is not possible to completely eliminate inner groove distortion, there are a few things that you can do to reduce it:
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Use a high-quality turntable: A good turntable will have a more stable platter and a more accurate tonearm, which can help to reduce mistracking.
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Use a high-quality stylus: A good stylus will be able to track the grooves more accurately, which can also help to reduce distortion.
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Align your cartridge properly: Proper cartridge alignment is essential for reducing inner groove distortion. If your cartridge is not aligned properly, it will be more likely to mistrack.
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Clean your records: Dirt and dust can also contribute to inner groove distortion. Make sure to clean your records regularly to keep them in good condition.
Additional Tips
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Avoid playing records that are heavily compressed: Heavily compressed records are more likely to exhibit inner groove distortion. If you can, try to find records that have been mastered with less compression.
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Spread the music out over two records: If a record is too long, it is more likely to exhibit inner groove distortion. If possible, try to find a version of the album that is spread out over two records.
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Upgrade your turntable: If you have a very old or inexpensive turntable, it may be worth upgrading to a newer model. Newer turntables are often designed to reduce inner groove distortion.
Conclusion
Inner groove distortion is a common problem with vinyl records, but there are a few things that you can do to reduce it. By following the tips above, you can improve the sound quality of your vinyl records and enjoy your music to the fullest.